Migration https://batten.virginia.edu/ en 'Deal with the root causes': Harris visits U.S.-Mexico border after months of pressure on immigration https://batten.virginia.edu/about/news/deal-root-causes-harris-visits-us-mexico-border-after-months-pressure-immigration <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--title--news.html.twig x field--node--title.html.twig * field--node--news.html.twig * field--title.html.twig * field--string.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/modules/node/templates/field--node--title.html.twig' --> <span>&#039;Deal with the root causes&#039;: Harris visits U.S.-Mexico border after months of pressure on immigration</span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/modules/node/templates/field--node--title.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--uid--news.html.twig x field--node--uid.html.twig * field--node--news.html.twig * field--uid.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/modules/node/templates/field--node--uid.html.twig' --> <span> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'username' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/modules/user/templates/username.html.twig' --> <span lang="" about="/user/201" typeof="schema:Person" property="schema:name" datatype="">etorr</span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/modules/user/templates/username.html.twig' --> </span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/modules/node/templates/field--node--uid.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--created--news.html.twig x field--node--created.html.twig * field--node--news.html.twig * field--created.html.twig * field--created.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/modules/node/templates/field--node--created.html.twig' --> <span>Fri, 06/25/2021 - 12:15</span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/modules/node/templates/field--node--created.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'links__node' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * links--node.html.twig x links.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/radix_batten/templates/system/links.html.twig' --> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/radix_batten/templates/system/links.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-website--news.html.twig * field--node--field-website.html.twig * field--node--news.html.twig * field--field-website.html.twig * field--link.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/radix/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <div class="news__field-website"><a href="https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/politics/2021/06/25/kamala-harris-travel-us-mexico-border-address-migrant-surge/5326714001/">READ IN USA TODAY</a></div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/radix/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-uva-partners--news.html.twig * field--node--field-uva-partners.html.twig * field--node--news.html.twig * field--field-uva-partners.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/radix/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <div class="news__field-uva-partners"> <div class="field__item"><a href="/taxonomy/term/136" hreflang="en">UVA Humanitarian Collaborative</a></div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/radix/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-relpersons--news.html.twig * field--node--field-relpersons.html.twig * field--node--news.html.twig * field--field-relpersons.html.twig * field--entity-reference-revisions.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/radix/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <div class="news__field-relpersons"> <div class="bundle-related-person field__item"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'paragraph' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * paragraph--related-person--default.html.twig * paragraph--related-person.html.twig * paragraph--default.html.twig x paragraph.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'modules/contrib/paragraphs/templates/paragraph.html.twig' --> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--related-person paragraph--view-mode--default"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--paragraph--field-person--related-person.html.twig * field--paragraph--field-person.html.twig * field--paragraph--related-person.html.twig * field--field-person.html.twig * field--entity-reference-revisions.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/radix/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <div class="related-person__field-person"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'paragraph' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * paragraph--internal-person--default.html.twig * paragraph--internal-person.html.twig * paragraph--default.html.twig x paragraph.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'modules/contrib/paragraphs/templates/paragraph.html.twig' --> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--internal-person paragraph--view-mode--default"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--paragraph--field-internal-person--internal-person.html.twig * field--paragraph--field-internal-person.html.twig * field--paragraph--internal-person.html.twig * field--field-internal-person.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/radix/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <div class="internal-person__field-internal-person"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'node' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * node--701--related-content-teaser.html.twig * node--701.html.twig x node--person--related-content-teaser.html.twig * node--person.html.twig * node--related-content-teaser.html.twig * node.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/radix_batten/templates/node/node--person--related-content-teaser.html.twig' --> <article data-history-node-id="701" role="article" about="/people/lucy-bassett" class="person is-promoted related-content-teaser clearfix empty-menu col-sm-12"> <main class="content"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-12 col-md-5 offset-md-1 image-wrapper"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-preview-image--person.html.twig * field--node--field-preview-image.html.twig * field--node--person.html.twig * field--field-preview-image.html.twig * field--image.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/radix/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <div class="person__field-preview-image"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image_formatter' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/modules/image/templates/image-formatter.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/radix_batten/templates/system/image.html.twig' --> <img loading="lazy" src="https://res.cloudinary.com/uva-batten-school/image/upload/v1638894652/Batten%20Website%20Master/2021-12/Lucy_Bassett2021_H.jpg" width="832" height="555" alt="Lucy Bassett" typeof="foaf:Image" /> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/radix_batten/templates/system/image.html.twig' --> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/modules/image/templates/image-formatter.html.twig' --> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/radix/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> </div> <div class="col-sm-12 col-md-5 right-wrapper"> <div class="row"> <h4 class="col-sm-12 header-wrapper"> Lucy Bassett </h4> <div class="col-sm-12 content-wrapper"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-description--person.html.twig * field--node--field-description.html.twig * field--node--person.html.twig * field--field-description.html.twig * field--text-long.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/radix/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <div class="person__field-description"><p><span><span>Lucy Bassett is an associate professor of practice of public policy at the Batten School and an expert in children, caregivers, and communities in humanitarian and development contexts. Over her 15 year career, Bassett has worked with governments in low- and middle-income countries to expand access to quality education, nutrition and social protection services, particularly for poor and marginalized children and families.</span></span></p></div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/radix/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> </div> <div class="col-sm-12 link-wrapper"> <a href="/people/lucy-bassett">Read full bio</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </main> </article> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/radix_batten/templates/node/node--person--related-content-teaser.html.twig' --> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/radix/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'modules/contrib/paragraphs/templates/paragraph.html.twig' --> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/radix/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'modules/contrib/paragraphs/templates/paragraph.html.twig' --> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/radix/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-byline--news.html.twig * field--node--field-byline.html.twig * field--node--news.html.twig * field--field-byline.html.twig * field--string.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/radix/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <div class="news__field-byline">Rebecca Morin</div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/radix/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-when--news.html.twig * field--node--field-when.html.twig * field--node--news.html.twig * field--field-when.html.twig * field--string.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/radix/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <div class="news__field-when">Jun 25, 2021</div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/radix/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-relfocus--news.html.twig * field--node--field-relfocus.html.twig * field--node--news.html.twig * field--field-relfocus.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/radix/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <div class="news__field-relfocus"> <div class="field__item"><a href="/taxonomy/term/86" hreflang="en">Migration</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/taxonomy/term/676" hreflang="en">Humanitarian Policy</a></div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/radix/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-hidden-people--news.html.twig * field--node--field-hidden-people.html.twig * field--node--news.html.twig * field--field-hidden-people.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/radix/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <div class="news__field-hidden-people"> <div class="field__item">701</div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/radix/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-main-content--news.html.twig x field--node--field-main-content.html.twig * field--node--news.html.twig * field--field-main-content.html.twig * field--entity-reference-revisions.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/radix_batten/templates/field/field--node--field-main-content.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-main-content field--type-entity-reference-revisions field--label-hidden field--items"> <div class="field--item wrapper-main-content row headline-paragraph-centered" data-mh="main-content-wrapper"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'paragraph' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * paragraph--headline-paragraph-centered--default.html.twig x paragraph--headline-paragraph-centered.html.twig * paragraph--default.html.twig * paragraph.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/radix_batten/templates/paragraph/paragraph--headline-paragraph-centered.html.twig' --> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--headline-paragraph-centered paragraph--view-mode--default col-sm-12"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-12 content-wrapper"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--paragraph--field-description--headline-paragraph-centered.html.twig * field--paragraph--field-description.html.twig * field--paragraph--headline-paragraph-centered.html.twig * field--field-description.html.twig * field--text-long.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/radix/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <div class="headline-paragraph-centered__field-description"><p><em><strong><span><span>In advance of Vice President Kamala Harris’ visit to the U.S.-Mexico border, Batten professor Lucy Bassett spoke with </span></span></strong></em><strong><span><span>USA Today</span></span></strong><em><strong><span><span> about the significance of the trip, and the complexity of the root causes contributing to record numbers of migrants seeking asylum at the southern border.</span></span></strong></em></p> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'filter_caption' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/radix/templates/field/filter-caption.html.twig' --> <figure class="figure align-center"><img alt="Vice President Kamala Harris tours the El Paso Border Patrol Station. (Getty Images)" data-entity-type="file" data-entity-uuid="7c32878c-57ed-407a-ae6b-1410f01a0b6b" src="/sites/default/files/inline-images/Harris%20border.png" class="figure-img img-fluid" width="1314" height="876" loading="lazy" /><figcaption class="figure-caption">Vice President Kamala Harris tours the El Paso Border Patrol Station. (Getty Images)</figcaption></figure><!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/radix/templates/field/filter-caption.html.twig' --><p>Vice President Kamala Harris landed in El Paso Friday after facing pressure for months to visit the United States' southern border after being tasked with addressing the root causes of migration from Central America that is contributing to record-level apprehensions at the U.S.-Mexico border. </p> <p>Harris, who has maintained her focus is on diplomatic relations in Central America and Mexico, rather than the situation at the border, has been working on diplomatic efforts to stem migration from the Northern Triangle countries of Guatemala, Honduras and El Salvador.</p> <p>Speaking with reporters on Friday, Harris said that it was always the plan to visit the border.</p> <p>"The reality of it is that we have to deal with causes, and we have to deal with the effects," Harris told reporters after deplaning from Air Force 2. "So being in Guatemala, being in Mexico, talking with Mexico as a partner, frankly, on this issue, was about addressing the causes, and then coming to the border... is about looking at the effects of what we have seen happening in Central America."</p> <p>Harris is being accompanied on the trip by Homeland Security Secretary Alejandro Mayorkas, Sen. Dick Durbin, D-Ill., who has been helping with negotiations on immigration legislation on Capitol Hill, and Democratic Rep. Veronica Escobar, who represents parts of El Paso.</p> <p>After arriving Friday morning, Harris toured a central processing facility run by Customs and Border Protection, and was greeted by Gloria Chavez, chief patrol agent of the El Paso Sector as well as other border patrol officials. During her tour, Harris spoke with CBP officials working at the facility. At one point, she stood over the shoulder of a border patrol agent as he walked her through his work on the computer. </p> <p>CBP officials described new technology that is being used to quickly process migrants and cut down on work for border patrol agents. The officials also explained to Harris how a working group that was created by Mayorkas has helped streamline the process. The officials said they hoped to work with the Department of Justice to get immigration judges into their system to ease the process of giving migrants court dates.</p> <p>"You guys have made incredible advances and success in just the last couple of months," Harris told the CBP officials.</p> <p>Mayorkas told reporters aboard Air Force 2 that he recommended the vice president visit El Paso "because it is one of the busiest sectors" across the border "and it provides the vice president with an opportunity to see the full array" of challenges facing the Department of Homeland Security.</p> <p>Harris’ visit comes days before former President Donald Trump will be heading to the border with Texas Gov. Greg Abbott. A group of pro-Trump protesters held signs outside the CBP facility, protesting the vice president's visit.</p> <p>"When you talk about addressing the root causes of migration, all of the entirety of the immigration work of the administration is connected. What's happening at the border is directly connected to what's happening in Central America," Harris spokeswoman Symone Sanders told reporters in a call Thursday evening.</p> <p>She said Harris' trip will help "inform" a strategy on the root causes of migrant that the administration will release "in the coming weeks."</p> <p>The Biden administration has faced a large increase of migrants coming to the U.S.-Mexico border. In May, CBP had 180,034 encounters with migrants at the border, the highest number in at least two decades. The majority of migrants were turned away under Title 42, a Trump-era measure that allows migrants to be expelled to stop the spread of COVID-19, and some of the encounters were by individuals who have repeatedly tried to cross the border.</p> <p>CBP had 22,219 encounters with migrants at the border in the El Paso region in May, according to data from CBP.</p> <p>Harris in March was tasked with focusing on the diplomatic efforts to address the root causes of migration from the Northern Triangle countries. As part of that role, Harris earlier this month made her first trip abroad to Guatemala and Mexico, where she met with Guatemala President Alejandro Giammattei and Mexico President Andrés Manuel López Obrador.</p> <p>The vice president for months has been pressured by Republicans and some Democrats on Capitol Hill to go to the border, arguing she needs to witness the toll the increase in migrants is taking on border towns and facilities. </p> <p>During an interview conducted during her trip in Guatemala, Harris was criticized after she said “<a href="https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/politics/2021/06/08/kamala-harris-lester-holt-interview-pushes-back-border-criticism/7600802002/">I haven't been to Europe</a>” either when responding to why she hadn’t been to the border yet. </p> <p>“I don’t know why she engaged in this self-inflicted wound,” Sen. Roger Wicker, R-Miss., told USA TODAY. “It seems to me she should have gone down immediately. Better late than never.”</p> <p>Sen. Tammy Baldwin, D-Wisc., told USA TODAY she’s glad Harris is going to the border, saying it adds a “new dimension” to her diplomatic mission she began with the Northern Triangle countries.</p> <p><strong>Experts say the trip could inform immigration policy</strong></p> <p>Some experts, activists and politicians believe Harris’ visit to the border may help shape critical policies to address root causes from the Northern Triangle region, as well as showcase where the Biden administration stands on how they process and hold migrants. However, others said the bulk of Harris’ work to address root causes will happen abroad diplomatically, rather than domestically.</p> <p>“I think there's nothing like being there in person, and having the chance to speak with people, to better understand the concerns and issues, and then be able to craft policy and prioritize the issues,” said Lucy Bassett, associate professor of practice of public policy at the University of Virginia, who has also researched migrant children and families at the border.</p> <p>Aside from controlling the flow of migrants, the Biden administration faces pressure to end Title 42. Bassett noted that Harris' trip could impact when the policy will end.</p> <p>The White House is also continuing to work on processing migrants that were forced to stay in Mexico as they await court hearings due to a Trump policy called the Migrant Protection Protocols. The White House is also facing criticism over some of the emergency influx care facilities housing unaccompanied children.</p> <p>At Fort Bliss, which is located near El Paso, sources told the <a href="https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/politics/2021/05/27/migrant-children-shelter-el-paso-fort-bliss-conditions-unacceptable/7478036002/">El Paso Times</a>, part of the USA TODAY Network, that there are dangerous and distressing conditions at the emergency shelter there. </p> <p>Bassett said “the root causes are so complex,” and that Harris’ visit to the border could benefit her on better understanding what happens to migrants once they arrive in the United States after fleeing from their home countries.</p> <p>“I think by having been in Central America and now getting to our border, she'll see in person what happens to the people who have fled due to those root causes, and what kind of U.S. infrastructure has to respond,” Bassett said.</p> <p>Bassett said she believes addressing migration is a “two pronged approach,” encompassing the root causes and “providing people who do cross our border with the right kind of services and support.”</p> <p>“It's not just we have to deal with the root causes ... that will take so much time to change that in the meantime we also need to improve the systems, whether that's having enough Border Patrol and judges, and improving the speed with which we can safely identify guardians and family members for unaccompanied kids,” Bassett said.</p> <p>Eric Hershberg, director of the Center for Latin American and Latino Studies at American University, said he doesn’t believe Harris had to go visit the border because it’s not part of her role in addressing the reasons why people are coming from Central America.</p> <p>“El Paso has nothing to do with the root causes of migration, so I don't see what the connection would be between this trip, and the administration's efforts to address the root causes,” Hershberg said, adding that “the border is the focus of quite a bit of criticism from the administration's opponents domestically, who are trying to make the argument that there is an out of control crisis.”</p> <p>Hershberg said while Harris cannot address root causes at the border, she will likely be looking at where at migrants are processed and held.<strong> </strong></p> <p>“The question of whether the administrative capacity of DHS and HHS, which had been eroded by the previous administration, whether those administrative capacities have been sufficiently rebuilt to handle his flow of people, that's something that you can learn about by going to the border,” he said, adding it's important that Mayorkas is accompanying the vice president to the border.</p> <p>“The fact that the vice president is on a trip with the secretary of DHS signals the degree to which the administration takes seriously this question of its ability in partnership with nonprofit, nongovernmental organizations that work with and supplement the efforts of the federal government,” Hershberg said. “That's an important message.”</p></div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/radix/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> </div> <div class="col-sm-12 cta-wrapper"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--paragraph--field-single-cta--headline-paragraph-centered.html.twig * field--paragraph--field-single-cta.html.twig * field--paragraph--headline-paragraph-centered.html.twig * field--field-single-cta.html.twig * field--link.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/radix/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <div class="headline-paragraph-centered__field-single-cta"><a href="https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/politics/2021/06/25/kamala-harris-travel-us-mexico-border-address-migrant-surge/5326714001/">Read in USA Today</a></div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/radix/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> </div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/radix_batten/templates/paragraph/paragraph--headline-paragraph-centered.html.twig' --> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/radix_batten/templates/field/field--node--field-main-content.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-news-type--news.html.twig * field--node--field-news-type.html.twig * field--node--news.html.twig * field--field-news-type.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/radix/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <div class="news__type"><a href="/taxonomy/term/511" hreflang="en">Research and Commentary</a></div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/radix/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: x field--node--field-social-media-share--news.html.twig * field--node--field-social-media-share.html.twig * field--node--news.html.twig * 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'themes/custom/radix_batten/templates/field/field--node--field-social-media-share--news.html.twig' --> Fri, 25 Jun 2021 16:15:42 +0000 etorr 24531 at https://batten.virginia.edu Climate, Violence, and Honduran Migration to the United States https://batten.virginia.edu/about/news/climate-violence-and-honduran-migration-united-states <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--title--news.html.twig x field--node--title.html.twig * field--node--news.html.twig * field--title.html.twig * field--string.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/modules/node/templates/field--node--title.html.twig' --> <span>Climate, Violence, and Honduran Migration to the United States</span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/modules/node/templates/field--node--title.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--uid--news.html.twig x field--node--uid.html.twig * field--node--news.html.twig * field--uid.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/modules/node/templates/field--node--uid.html.twig' --> <span> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'username' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/modules/user/templates/username.html.twig' --> <span lang="" about="/user/201" typeof="schema:Person" property="schema:name" datatype="">etorr</span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/modules/user/templates/username.html.twig' --> </span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/modules/node/templates/field--node--uid.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--created--news.html.twig x field--node--created.html.twig * field--node--news.html.twig * field--created.html.twig * field--created.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/modules/node/templates/field--node--created.html.twig' --> <span>Fri, 04/02/2021 - 13:22</span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/modules/node/templates/field--node--created.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'links__node' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * links--node.html.twig x links.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/radix_batten/templates/system/links.html.twig' --> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/radix_batten/templates/system/links.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-website--news.html.twig * field--node--field-website.html.twig * field--node--news.html.twig * field--field-website.html.twig * field--link.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/radix/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <div class="news__field-website"><a href="https://www.brookings.edu/blog/future-development/2021/04/01/climate-violence-and-honduran-migration-to-the-united-states/">Read in Brookings</a></div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/radix/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-uva-partners--news.html.twig * field--node--field-uva-partners.html.twig * field--node--news.html.twig * field--field-uva-partners.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/radix/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <div class="news__field-uva-partners"> <div class="field__item"><a href="/taxonomy/term/136" hreflang="en">UVA Humanitarian Collaborative</a></div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/radix/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-relpersons--news.html.twig * field--node--field-relpersons.html.twig * field--node--news.html.twig * field--field-relpersons.html.twig * field--entity-reference-revisions.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/radix/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <div class="news__field-relpersons"> <div class="bundle-related-person field__item"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'paragraph' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * paragraph--related-person--default.html.twig * paragraph--related-person.html.twig * paragraph--default.html.twig x paragraph.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'modules/contrib/paragraphs/templates/paragraph.html.twig' --> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--related-person paragraph--view-mode--default"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--paragraph--field-person--related-person.html.twig * field--paragraph--field-person.html.twig * field--paragraph--related-person.html.twig * field--field-person.html.twig * field--entity-reference-revisions.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/radix/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <div class="related-person__field-person"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'paragraph' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * paragraph--internal-person--default.html.twig * paragraph--internal-person.html.twig * paragraph--default.html.twig x paragraph.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'modules/contrib/paragraphs/templates/paragraph.html.twig' --> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--internal-person paragraph--view-mode--default"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--paragraph--field-internal-person--internal-person.html.twig * field--paragraph--field-internal-person.html.twig * field--paragraph--internal-person.html.twig * field--field-internal-person.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/radix/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <div class="internal-person__field-internal-person"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'node' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * node--881--related-content-teaser.html.twig * node--881.html.twig x node--person--related-content-teaser.html.twig * node--person.html.twig * node--related-content-teaser.html.twig * node.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/radix_batten/templates/node/node--person--related-content-teaser.html.twig' --> <article data-history-node-id="881" role="article" about="/people/david-leblang" class="person is-promoted related-content-teaser clearfix empty-menu col-sm-12"> <main class="content"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-12 col-md-5 offset-md-1 image-wrapper"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-preview-image--person.html.twig * field--node--field-preview-image.html.twig * field--node--person.html.twig * field--field-preview-image.html.twig * field--image.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/radix/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <div class="person__field-preview-image"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image_formatter' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/modules/image/templates/image-formatter.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/radix_batten/templates/system/image.html.twig' --> <img loading="lazy" src="https://res.cloudinary.com/uva-batten-school/image/upload/v1600392143/Batten%20Website%20Master/2020-09/David_Leblang_H.jpg" width="1200" height="800" alt="David Leblang" typeof="foaf:Image" /> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/radix_batten/templates/system/image.html.twig' --> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/modules/image/templates/image-formatter.html.twig' --> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/radix/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> </div> <div class="col-sm-12 col-md-5 right-wrapper"> <div class="row"> <h4 class="col-sm-12 header-wrapper"> David Leblang </h4> <div class="col-sm-12 content-wrapper"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-description--person.html.twig * field--node--field-description.html.twig * field--node--person.html.twig * field--field-description.html.twig * field--text-long.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/radix/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <div class="person__field-description"><p>David Leblang is a professor of public policy at the Batten School, the Ambassador Henry J. Taylor and Mrs Marion R. Taylor Endowed Professor of Politics at the University of Virginia, and the Randolph Compton Professor of Public Affairs at UVA's Miller Center. Leblang is a scholar of political economy with research interests in global migration and in the politics of financial markets.</p></div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/radix/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> </div> <div class="col-sm-12 link-wrapper"> <a href="/people/david-leblang">Read full bio</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </main> </article> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/radix_batten/templates/node/node--person--related-content-teaser.html.twig' --> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/radix/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'modules/contrib/paragraphs/templates/paragraph.html.twig' --> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/radix/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'modules/contrib/paragraphs/templates/paragraph.html.twig' --> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/radix/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-byline--news.html.twig * field--node--field-byline.html.twig * field--node--news.html.twig * field--field-byline.html.twig * field--string.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/radix/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <div class="news__field-byline">David Leblang and Sarah Bermeo</div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/radix/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-when--news.html.twig * field--node--field-when.html.twig * field--node--news.html.twig * field--field-when.html.twig * field--string.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/radix/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <div class="news__field-when">Apr 02, 2021</div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/radix/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-relfocus--news.html.twig * field--node--field-relfocus.html.twig * field--node--news.html.twig * field--field-relfocus.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/radix/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <div class="news__field-relfocus"> <div class="field__item"><a href="/taxonomy/term/86" hreflang="en">Migration</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/taxonomy/term/91" hreflang="en">International and Global Affairs</a></div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/radix/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-hidden-people--news.html.twig * field--node--field-hidden-people.html.twig * field--node--news.html.twig * field--field-hidden-people.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/radix/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <div class="news__field-hidden-people"> <div class="field__item">881</div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/radix/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-main-content--news.html.twig x field--node--field-main-content.html.twig * field--node--news.html.twig * field--field-main-content.html.twig * field--entity-reference-revisions.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/radix_batten/templates/field/field--node--field-main-content.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-main-content field--type-entity-reference-revisions field--label-hidden field--items"> <div class="field--item wrapper-main-content row headline-paragraph-centered" data-mh="main-content-wrapper"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'paragraph' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * paragraph--headline-paragraph-centered--default.html.twig x paragraph--headline-paragraph-centered.html.twig * paragraph--default.html.twig * paragraph.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/radix_batten/templates/paragraph/paragraph--headline-paragraph-centered.html.twig' --> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--headline-paragraph-centered paragraph--view-mode--default col-sm-12"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-12 content-wrapper"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--paragraph--field-description--headline-paragraph-centered.html.twig * field--paragraph--field-description.html.twig * field--paragraph--headline-paragraph-centered.html.twig * field--field-description.html.twig * field--text-long.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/radix/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <div class="headline-paragraph-centered__field-description"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'filter_caption' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/radix/templates/field/filter-caption.html.twig' --> <figure class="figure align-center"><img alt="Migrants moving north in Honduras. (Brookings)" data-entity-type="file" data-entity-uuid="ee7ed951-bd0a-4573-9237-70d2e42cb8ab" src="/sites/default/files/inline-images/Migrants%20moving%20north%20in%20Honduras.%20%28Brookings%29.png" class="figure-img img-fluid" width="1350" height="900" loading="lazy" /><figcaption class="figure-caption">Migrants moving north in Honduras. (Brookings)</figcaption></figure><!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/radix/templates/field/filter-caption.html.twig' --><p>Apprehensions of family units from Honduras arriving at the U.S. southern border grew exponentially between 2012 and 2019, from 513 to 188,368 (the dashed line in Figure 1). While it is possible that Biden administration policies and COVID-19 alter the calculus of migrants, they did not cause the sharp increase in apprehensions in 2019. This also predates <a href="http://www.fao.org/3/cb2604en/cb2604en.pdf">hurricanes Eta and Iota</a>, although the devastating toll of these November 2020 storms is likely to push more people to leave their homes and travel north.</p> <p>Our work at Duke University and the University of Virginia, summarized in this <a href="https://dcid.sanford.duke.edu/wp-content/uploads/sites/7/2021/03/Honduras-Migration-Policy-Brief-Final.pdf">policy brief</a>, points to an interaction of climate factors and violence as the drivers of this outcome. The increase in migration from Honduras over the last several years and the growing proportion of migrants arriving as family units is driven by persistently high levels of violence coupled with sharp increases in food insecurity.</p> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'filter_caption' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/radix/templates/field/filter-caption.html.twig' --> <figure class="figure align-center"><img alt="Figure one from Brookings" data-entity-type="file" data-entity-uuid="7c612633-afb9-423b-b399-d776305a05d9" src="/sites/default/files/inline-images/Figure%201.png" class="figure-img img-fluid" width="1222" height="912" loading="lazy" /><figcaption class="figure-caption">(Brookings)</figcaption></figure><!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/radix/templates/field/filter-caption.html.twig' --><p><strong>HOW CLIMATE AND VIOLENCE INTERACT</strong></p> <p>Honduras is one of the poorest countries in the Western hemisphere. It has experienced one of the world’s <a href="https://www.indexmundi.com/facts/indicators/VC.IHR.PSRC.P5/rankings">highest homicide rates</a>, with multiple forms of <a href="https://insightcrime.org/honduras-organized-crime-news/">violence</a> linked to drug trafficking groups and gangs. Over the last decade, the country has suffered from repeated droughts linked to climate change that have <a href="https://docs.wfp.org/api/documents/WFP-0000022124/download/?_ga=2.85460124.46423775.1540402016-1767178983.1540402016">increased food insecurity</a>, particularly for <a href="https://www.wfpusa.org/news-release/erratic-weather-patterns-in-the-central-american-dry-corridor-leave-1-4-million-people-in-urgent-need-of-food-assistance/">subsistence farmers in the Dry Corridor</a> of Central America, where some areas have experienced seasonal crop loss greater than 70 percent.</p> <p>To better understand the role of precipitation shocks and violence in determining migrant flows, we conducted a study linking data on subnational location of birth for Honduran family unit apprehensions with subnational measures of negative precipitation deviations and homicide rates. The results indicate that decreases in precipitation are associated with increased migrant flows. The magnitude of this effect increases with higher levels of violence.</p> <p>We use data on department (state) of birth for Honduran family unit apprehensions at the U.S. southern border for fiscal years 2012-2019, obtained through a Freedom of Information Act request. At a descriptive level, these data indicate the departments of birth associated with the highest numbers of apprehensions of family units—Cortés (&gt;56,000) and Olancho (&gt;38,000)—and those that have the highest apprehension rates as a percent of population (more than 7 percent for Olancho and Colón).</p> <p>As a measure of rainfall shortages, we calculate the amount that annual rainy season precipitation for a department deviates from that department’s 20-year average. Our results show that decreases in rainfall are associated with substantial increases in family unit apprehensions at the U.S. border. For instance, an increase in negative rainfall deviation from its value at the 25th to the 75th percentile is associated with an expected increase of 221 apprehensions from that department the following year.</p> <p>Attempting to understand the direct relationship between violence and migration is not easy. Homicide rates have been declining in Honduras, but the country—especially some <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/most-violent-cities-in-the-world-in-2018-2019-3#33-san-pedro-sula-honduras-had-4667-homicides-per-100000-residents-18">cities within the country</a>—still ranks among the most violent places in the world. It is possible that the cumulative impact of persistently high homicide rates is larger than yearly fluctuations. <a href="https://www.hrw.org/world-report/2021/country-chapters/honduras">Other forms of violence</a> also <a href="https://reliefweb.int/report/honduras/death-threats-and-gang-violence-forcing-more-families-flee-northern-central-america">remain high</a>.</p> <p>We find that when the homicide rate in a department is higher, the magnitude of the association between rainfall deviation and family unit apprehensions increases. The numbers in Table 1 indicate that when the department homicide rate is 26 per 100,000 people, an increase in rainfall shortage from the 50th to the 75th percentile is associated with an expected increase of 34 departmental apprehensions the following year. When the homicide rate is 81, the same rainfall deviation is associated with an increase of 222 apprehensions.</p> <p>These findings call into question the sharp distinction between migrants fleeing violence and those leaving due to climate change. If a climate migrant decides to move externally rather than internally because internal migration is unsafe, then violence, in <em>addition</em> to climate change, is responsible for the decision to flee north.</p> <p><strong>Table 1. Estimated apprehensions by rainfall and homicide rate</strong></p> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'filter_caption' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/radix/templates/field/filter-caption.html.twig' --> <figure class="figure align-center"><img alt="Source: Honduras Migration: Climate Change, Violence, &amp; Assistance Note: Based on department-year data. See policy brief for sources and methods." data-entity-type="file" data-entity-uuid="54d89265-38f0-4933-ae23-94c31ad26cc4" src="/sites/default/files/inline-images/Table%201.png" class="figure-img img-fluid" width="1220" height="600" loading="lazy" /><figcaption class="figure-caption"><em>Source: <a href="https://dcid.sanford.duke.edu/wp-content/uploads/sites/7/2021/03/Honduras-Migration-Policy-Brief-Final.pdf">Honduras Migration: Climate Change, Violence, &amp; Assistance</a></em><br /><em>Note: Based on department-year data. See policy brief for sources and methods.</em></figcaption></figure><!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/radix/templates/field/filter-caption.html.twig' --><p><strong>PARALLEL TRACKS FOR ADDRESSING ROOT CAUSES</strong></p> <p>Our results suggest that migration from Honduras is likely to decrease as areas become more resilient to precipitation shocks, less violent, or both. The Biden administration has recognized the need to create a “Root Causes Strategy” in its <a href="https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefing-room/presidential-actions/2021/02/02/executive-order-creating-a-comprehensive-regional-framework-to-address-the-causes-of-migration-to-manage-migration-throughout-north-and-central-america-and-to-provide-safe-and-orderly-processing/">executive order</a> on migration. The president has called for <a href="https://www.latimes.com/politics/story/2021-03-10/biden-to-restrict-u-s-aid-to-central-american-governments-set-new-conditions-for-money">$4 billion</a> in foreign aid for Central America, including Honduras.</p> <p>Crafting a response is difficult since <a href="https://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/central-america-caribbean/2021-03-05/central-americans-are-fleeing-bad-governments?utm_medium=PANTHEON_STRIPPED&amp;utm_source=PANTHEON_STRIPPED&amp;utm_campaign=PANTHEON_STRIPPED&amp;utm_content=PANTHEON_STRIPPED&amp;utm_term=PANTHEON_STRIPPED">poor governance and corruption</a> exacerbate these problems and hinder effective solutions. Investments in improved governance, anti-corruption measures, and violence prevention are necessary to create a sustainable, long-term, and peaceful development path in Honduras. These reforms are politically difficult and likely require multiple diplomatic levers.</p> <p>Even the best-designed reforms in these areas will take time to yield results, so these measures are unlikely to decrease migration in the next few years. To achieve more immediate results, well-designed and targeted outside assistance could help Honduras increase food security on a parallel track to addressing the longer-term issues. Analyses by the <a href="https://www.wfp.org/publications/el-ni%C3%B1o-response-dry-corridor-central-america-evaluation">World Food Program</a>, <a href="http://www.fao.org/publications/card/en/c/CB2125ES">Food and Agricultural Organization</a>, and <a href="https://labordoc.ilo.org/discovery/fulldisplay?docid=alma995075692902676&amp;context=L&amp;vid=41ILO_INST:41ILO_V1&amp;lang=en&amp;search_scope=ALL_ILO&amp;adaptor=Local%20Search%20Engine&amp;tab=Everything&amp;query=any,exact,working%20paper&amp;sortby=date_d&amp;mode=advanced">International Labor Organization</a> document the impact of climatic changes in Honduras and call for increased investment in agricultural resiliency. <a href="https://www.climatelinks.org/sites/default/files/asset/document/2017_USAID%20ATLAS_Climate%20Change%20Risk%20Profile_Honduras.pdf">The U.S. Agency for International Development</a> has recognized for years that climate change threatens food security in Honduras.</p> <p>Despite this evidence, there has been no increase in outside funding for agriculture. Figure 2 shows aid from the U.S. to Honduras. Spikes in food security assistance occur following natural disasters, but this ex post response cannot substitute for sustained investment in agricultural resilience. The relatively low emphasis on agriculture extends to other donors.</p> <p>Programs to address food security can be designed to empower local groups in planning and implementation, simultaneously bolstering civil society and local governance while increasing climate resilience. This would require a shift in aid implementation toward local ownership: A recent <a href="https://www.wilsoncenter.org/publication/us-foreign-aid-northern-triangle-2014-2019-promoting-success-learning-past-no-42">Wilson Center</a> study found that U.S. aid programs in Central America often rely on U.S.-based contractors rather than local and international groups.</p> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'filter_caption' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/radix/templates/field/filter-caption.html.twig' --> <figure class="figure align-center"><img alt="Figure 2" data-entity-type="file" data-entity-uuid="1a83e07e-f50c-49d7-a3ea-d9dd026edc53" src="/sites/default/files/inline-images/Figure%202.png" class="figure-img img-fluid" width="1212" height="910" loading="lazy" /><figcaption class="figure-caption">(Brookings)</figcaption></figure><!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/radix/templates/field/filter-caption.html.twig' --><p>The number of Hondurans seeking entry to the U.S. will decrease when Honduras becomes safer and food secure. A multi-track approach to address both agricultural resilience and the difficult knot of violence, governance, and corruption has the best chance of reducing the need of Hondurans to migrate.</p></div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/radix/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> </div> <div class="col-sm-12 cta-wrapper"> </div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/radix_batten/templates/paragraph/paragraph--headline-paragraph-centered.html.twig' --> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/radix_batten/templates/field/field--node--field-main-content.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: x field--node--field-social-media-share--news.html.twig * field--node--field-social-media-share.html.twig * field--node--news.html.twig * field--field-social-media-share.html.twig * field--social-media.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/radix_batten/templates/field/field--node--field-social-media-share--news.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-social-media-share field--type-social-media field--label-above field--item wrapper-main-content row"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'block' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * block--social-sharing-block.html.twig * block--social-media.html.twig x block.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/radix_batten/templates/block/block.html.twig' --> <div class="block"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'social_media_links' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'modules/contrib/social_media/templates/social-media-links.html.twig' --> <div class="social-media-sharing"> <ul class=""> <li> <a target="_blank" rel="nooopener noreffer" class="facebook-share share" href="http://www.facebook.com/share.php?u=https://batten.virginia.edu/taxonomy/term/86/feed&amp;title=[current-pagrandome:title]&amp;image=[og:image]" title="Facebook"> <img alt="Facebook" src="https://batten.virginia.edu/modules/contrib/social_media/icons/facebook_share.svg"> </a> </li> <li> <a target="_blank" rel="nooopener noreffer" class="linkedin share" href="http://www.linkedin.com/shareArticle?mini=true&amp;url=https://batten.virginia.edu/taxonomy/term/86/feed&amp;img&amp;title=[current-page:img]&amp;source=https://batten.virginia.edu/taxonomy/term/86/feed" title="Linkedin"> <img alt="Linkedin" src="https://batten.virginia.edu/modules/contrib/social_media/icons/linkedin.svg"> </a> </li> <li> <a target="_blank" rel="nooopener noreffer" class="twitter share" href="https://twitter.com/intent/tweet?url=https://batten.virginia.edu/taxonomy/term/86/feed&amp;via=UVABatten" title="Twitter"> <img alt="Twitter" src="https://batten.virginia.edu/modules/contrib/social_media/icons/twitter.svg"> </a> </li> <li> <a target="_blank" rel="nooopener noreffer" class="pinterest share" href="https://www.pinterest.com/pin/create/button/?url=https://batten.virginia.edu/taxonomy/term/86/feed&amp;description=" title="Pinterest"> <img alt="Pinterest" src="https://batten.virginia.edu/modules/contrib/social_media/icons/pinterest.svg"> </a> </li> <li> <a class="email share" href="mailto:?subject=&amp;body=Check out this site https://batten.virginia.edu/taxonomy/term/86/feed" title="Email"> <img alt="Email" src="https://batten.virginia.edu/modules/contrib/social_media/icons/email.svg"> </a> </li> </ul> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'modules/contrib/social_media/templates/social-media-links.html.twig' --> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/radix_batten/templates/block/block.html.twig' --> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/radix_batten/templates/field/field--node--field-social-media-share--news.html.twig' --> Fri, 02 Apr 2021 17:22:49 +0000 etorr 23246 at https://batten.virginia.edu Mahoney Receives UVA's Public Impact-Focused Research Award https://batten.virginia.edu/about/news/mahoney-receives-uvas-public-impact-focused-research-award <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--title--news.html.twig x field--node--title.html.twig * field--node--news.html.twig * field--title.html.twig * field--string.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/modules/node/templates/field--node--title.html.twig' --> <span>Mahoney Receives UVA&#039;s Public Impact-Focused Research Award</span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/modules/node/templates/field--node--title.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--uid--news.html.twig x field--node--uid.html.twig * field--node--news.html.twig * field--uid.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/modules/node/templates/field--node--uid.html.twig' --> <span> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'username' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/modules/user/templates/username.html.twig' --> <span lang="" about="/user/366" typeof="schema:Person" property="schema:name" datatype="">crogers</span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/modules/user/templates/username.html.twig' --> </span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/modules/node/templates/field--node--uid.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--created--news.html.twig x field--node--created.html.twig * field--node--news.html.twig * field--created.html.twig * field--created.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/modules/node/templates/field--node--created.html.twig' --> <span>Tue, 02/02/2021 - 10:03</span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/modules/node/templates/field--node--created.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'links__node' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * links--node.html.twig x links.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/radix_batten/templates/system/links.html.twig' --> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/radix_batten/templates/system/links.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-website--news.html.twig * field--node--field-website.html.twig * field--node--news.html.twig * field--field-website.html.twig * field--link.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/radix/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <div class="news__field-website"><a href="https://news.virginia.edu/content/uva-honors-distinguished-researchers-virtual-awards-event?utm_source=DailyReport&amp;utm_medium=email&amp;utm_campaign=news">Read in UVA TODAY</a></div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/radix/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-relpersons--news.html.twig * field--node--field-relpersons.html.twig * field--node--news.html.twig * field--field-relpersons.html.twig * field--entity-reference-revisions.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/radix/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <div class="news__field-relpersons"> <div class="bundle-related-person field__item"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'paragraph' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * paragraph--related-person--default.html.twig * paragraph--related-person.html.twig * paragraph--default.html.twig x paragraph.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'modules/contrib/paragraphs/templates/paragraph.html.twig' --> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--related-person paragraph--view-mode--default"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--paragraph--field-person--related-person.html.twig * field--paragraph--field-person.html.twig * field--paragraph--related-person.html.twig * field--field-person.html.twig * field--entity-reference-revisions.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/radix/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <div class="related-person__field-person"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'paragraph' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * paragraph--internal-person--default.html.twig * paragraph--internal-person.html.twig * paragraph--default.html.twig x paragraph.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'modules/contrib/paragraphs/templates/paragraph.html.twig' --> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--internal-person paragraph--view-mode--default"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--paragraph--field-internal-person--internal-person.html.twig * field--paragraph--field-internal-person.html.twig * field--paragraph--internal-person.html.twig * field--field-internal-person.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/radix/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <div class="internal-person__field-internal-person"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'node' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * node--861--related-content-teaser.html.twig * node--861.html.twig x node--person--related-content-teaser.html.twig * node--person.html.twig * node--related-content-teaser.html.twig * node.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/radix_batten/templates/node/node--person--related-content-teaser.html.twig' --> <article data-history-node-id="861" role="article" about="/people/christine-mahoney" class="person is-promoted related-content-teaser clearfix empty-menu col-sm-12"> <main class="content"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-12 col-md-5 offset-md-1 image-wrapper"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-preview-image--person.html.twig * field--node--field-preview-image.html.twig * field--node--person.html.twig * field--field-preview-image.html.twig * field--image.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/radix/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <div class="person__field-preview-image"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image_formatter' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/modules/image/templates/image-formatter.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/radix_batten/templates/system/image.html.twig' --> <img loading="lazy" src="https://res.cloudinary.com/uva-batten-school/image/upload/v1587695229/Batten%20Website%20Master/2020-04/Christine_Mahoney_T.png" alt="Christine Mahoney" typeof="foaf:Image" /> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/radix_batten/templates/system/image.html.twig' --> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/modules/image/templates/image-formatter.html.twig' --> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/radix/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> </div> <div class="col-sm-12 col-md-5 right-wrapper"> <div class="row"> <h4 class="col-sm-12 header-wrapper"> Christine Mahoney </h4> <div class="col-sm-12 content-wrapper"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-description--person.html.twig * field--node--field-description.html.twig * field--node--person.html.twig * field--field-description.html.twig * field--text-long.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/radix/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <div class="person__field-description"><p><span><span><span><span>Christine Mahoney</span> <span>is a professor of public policy and politics at the Frank Batten School of Leadership and Public Policy.  She studies social justice advocacy, activism and direct action through social entrepreneurship.</span></span></span></span></p></div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/radix/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> </div> <div class="col-sm-12 link-wrapper"> <a href="/people/christine-mahoney">Read full bio</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </main> </article> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/radix_batten/templates/node/node--person--related-content-teaser.html.twig' --> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/radix/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'modules/contrib/paragraphs/templates/paragraph.html.twig' --> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/radix/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'modules/contrib/paragraphs/templates/paragraph.html.twig' --> </div> <div class="bundle-related-person field__item"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'paragraph' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * paragraph--related-person--default.html.twig * paragraph--related-person.html.twig * paragraph--default.html.twig x paragraph.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'modules/contrib/paragraphs/templates/paragraph.html.twig' --> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--related-person paragraph--view-mode--default"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--paragraph--field-person--related-person.html.twig * field--paragraph--field-person.html.twig * field--paragraph--related-person.html.twig * field--field-person.html.twig * field--entity-reference-revisions.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/radix/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <div class="related-person__field-person"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'paragraph' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * paragraph--internal-person--default.html.twig * paragraph--internal-person.html.twig * paragraph--default.html.twig x paragraph.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'modules/contrib/paragraphs/templates/paragraph.html.twig' --> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--internal-person paragraph--view-mode--default"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--paragraph--field-internal-person--internal-person.html.twig * field--paragraph--field-internal-person.html.twig * field--paragraph--internal-person.html.twig * field--field-internal-person.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/radix/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <div class="internal-person__field-internal-person"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'node' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * node--916--related-content-teaser.html.twig * node--916.html.twig x node--person--related-content-teaser.html.twig * node--person.html.twig * node--related-content-teaser.html.twig * node.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/radix_batten/templates/node/node--person--related-content-teaser.html.twig' --> <article data-history-node-id="916" role="article" about="/people/john-holbein" class="person is-promoted related-content-teaser clearfix empty-menu col-sm-12"> <main class="content"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-12 col-md-5 offset-md-1 image-wrapper"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-preview-image--person.html.twig * field--node--field-preview-image.html.twig * field--node--person.html.twig * field--field-preview-image.html.twig * field--image.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/radix/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <div class="person__field-preview-image"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image_formatter' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/modules/image/templates/image-formatter.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/radix_batten/templates/system/image.html.twig' --> <img loading="lazy" src="/sites/default/files/Batten%20Website%20Master/2023-10/John%20Holbein_0.png" width="832" height="555" alt="John Holbein" typeof="foaf:Image" /> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/radix_batten/templates/system/image.html.twig' --> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/modules/image/templates/image-formatter.html.twig' --> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/radix/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> </div> <div class="col-sm-12 col-md-5 right-wrapper"> <div class="row"> <h4 class="col-sm-12 header-wrapper"> John Holbein </h4> <div class="col-sm-12 content-wrapper"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-description--person.html.twig * field--node--field-description.html.twig * field--node--person.html.twig * field--field-description.html.twig * field--text-long.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/radix/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <div class="person__field-description"><p>John Holbein is an associate professor of public policy, politics, and education at the Frank Batten School of Leadership and Public Policy. Holbein studies political participation, political inequality, democratic accountability, political representation, and education policy.</p></div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/radix/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> </div> <div class="col-sm-12 link-wrapper"> <a href="/people/john-holbein">Read full bio</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </main> </article> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/radix_batten/templates/node/node--person--related-content-teaser.html.twig' --> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/radix/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'modules/contrib/paragraphs/templates/paragraph.html.twig' --> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/radix/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'modules/contrib/paragraphs/templates/paragraph.html.twig' --> </div> <div class="bundle-related-person field__item"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'paragraph' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * paragraph--related-person--default.html.twig * paragraph--related-person.html.twig * paragraph--default.html.twig x paragraph.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'modules/contrib/paragraphs/templates/paragraph.html.twig' --> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--related-person paragraph--view-mode--default"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--paragraph--field-person--related-person.html.twig * field--paragraph--field-person.html.twig * field--paragraph--related-person.html.twig * field--field-person.html.twig * field--entity-reference-revisions.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/radix/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <div class="related-person__field-person"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'paragraph' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * paragraph--internal-person--default.html.twig * paragraph--internal-person.html.twig * paragraph--default.html.twig x paragraph.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'modules/contrib/paragraphs/templates/paragraph.html.twig' --> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--internal-person paragraph--view-mode--default"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--paragraph--field-internal-person--internal-person.html.twig * field--paragraph--field-internal-person.html.twig * field--paragraph--internal-person.html.twig * field--field-internal-person.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/radix/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <div class="internal-person__field-internal-person"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'node' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * node--776--related-content-teaser.html.twig * node--776.html.twig x node--person--related-content-teaser.html.twig * node--person.html.twig * node--related-content-teaser.html.twig * node.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/radix_batten/templates/node/node--person--related-content-teaser.html.twig' --> <article data-history-node-id="776" role="article" about="/people/jay-shimshack" class="person is-promoted related-content-teaser clearfix empty-menu col-sm-12"> <main class="content"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-12 col-md-5 offset-md-1 image-wrapper"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-preview-image--person.html.twig * field--node--field-preview-image.html.twig * field--node--person.html.twig * field--field-preview-image.html.twig * field--image.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/radix/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <div class="person__field-preview-image"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image_formatter' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/modules/image/templates/image-formatter.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/radix_batten/templates/system/image.html.twig' --> <img loading="lazy" src="https://res.cloudinary.com/uva-batten-school/image/upload/v1568685913/Batten%20Website%20Master/2019-09/Jay_Shimshack_T.jpg" alt="Jay Shimshack" typeof="foaf:Image" /> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/radix_batten/templates/system/image.html.twig' --> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/modules/image/templates/image-formatter.html.twig' --> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/radix/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> </div> <div class="col-sm-12 col-md-5 right-wrapper"> <div class="row"> <h4 class="col-sm-12 header-wrapper"> Jay Shimshack </h4> <div class="col-sm-12 content-wrapper"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-description--person.html.twig * field--node--field-description.html.twig * field--node--person.html.twig * field--field-description.html.twig * field--text-long.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/radix/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <div class="person__field-description"><p>Jay Shimshack is a professor of public policy and economics at the Frank Batten School of Leadership and Public Policy. Shimshack's research focuses on environmental regulation, environmental economics, corporate social behavior, and applied microeconomics for public policy. </p></div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/radix/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> </div> <div class="col-sm-12 link-wrapper"> <a href="/people/jay-shimshack">Read full bio</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </main> </article> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/radix_batten/templates/node/node--person--related-content-teaser.html.twig' --> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/radix/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'modules/contrib/paragraphs/templates/paragraph.html.twig' --> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/radix/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'modules/contrib/paragraphs/templates/paragraph.html.twig' --> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/radix/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-byline--news.html.twig * field--node--field-byline.html.twig * field--node--news.html.twig * field--field-byline.html.twig * field--string.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/radix/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <div class="news__field-byline">Meredith Cole</div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/radix/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-when--news.html.twig * field--node--field-when.html.twig * field--node--news.html.twig * field--field-when.html.twig * field--string.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/radix/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <div class="news__field-when">Feb 02, 2021</div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/radix/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-relfocus--news.html.twig * field--node--field-relfocus.html.twig * field--node--news.html.twig * field--field-relfocus.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/radix/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <div class="news__field-relfocus"> <div class="field__item"><a href="/taxonomy/term/91" hreflang="en">International and Global Affairs</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/taxonomy/term/86" hreflang="en">Migration</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/taxonomy/term/31" hreflang="en">Advocacy</a></div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/radix/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-hidden-people--news.html.twig * field--node--field-hidden-people.html.twig * field--node--news.html.twig * field--field-hidden-people.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/radix/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <div class="news__field-hidden-people"> <div class="field__item">861</div> <div class="field__item">916</div> <div class="field__item">776</div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/radix/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-main-content--news.html.twig x field--node--field-main-content.html.twig * field--node--news.html.twig * field--field-main-content.html.twig * field--entity-reference-revisions.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/radix_batten/templates/field/field--node--field-main-content.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-main-content field--type-entity-reference-revisions field--label-hidden field--items"> <div class="field--item wrapper-main-content row headline-paragraph-centered" data-mh="main-content-wrapper"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'paragraph' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * paragraph--headline-paragraph-centered--default.html.twig x paragraph--headline-paragraph-centered.html.twig * paragraph--default.html.twig * paragraph.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/radix_batten/templates/paragraph/paragraph--headline-paragraph-centered.html.twig' --> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--headline-paragraph-centered paragraph--view-mode--default col-sm-12"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-12 content-wrapper"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--paragraph--field-description--headline-paragraph-centered.html.twig * field--paragraph--field-description.html.twig * field--paragraph--headline-paragraph-centered.html.twig * field--field-description.html.twig * field--text-long.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/radix/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <div class="headline-paragraph-centered__field-description"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'filter_caption' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/radix/templates/field/filter-caption.html.twig' --> <figure class="figure align-center"><img alt="Batten professor Christine Mahoney received the Public Impact-Focused Research Award for her work supporting the rights of the displaced locally, nationally and globally. (Photo by Dan Addison, University Communications)" data-entity-type="file" data-entity-uuid="2ce3b4ff-a74b-409f-bf65-027bd8af1ed7" src="/sites/default/files/inline-images/Mahoney%20headshot.png" class="figure-img img-fluid" width="1654" height="1104" loading="lazy" /><figcaption class="figure-caption"><em>Batten professor Christine Mahoney received the Public Impact-Focused Research Award for her work supporting the rights of the displaced locally, nationally and globally. (Photo by Dan Addison, University Communications)</em></figcaption></figure><!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/radix/templates/field/filter-caption.html.twig' --><p>On Friday during a virtual ceremony over Zoom, the University of Virginia honored and recognized faculty members for their outstanding contributions to their fields and the impact of their research and scholarly activities at the annual <a href="https://research.virginia.edu/initiatives/initiatives/research-achievement-awards"><strong>Research Achievement Awards</strong></a>.</p> <p>“Although it was a challenging year for researchers, we are proud of our faculty’s achievements and accomplishments,” Melur “Ram” Ramasubramanian, UVA’s vice president for research, said. “We believe it’s important to celebrate our faculty who are making a significant impact on the world with their research and scholarship.”</p> <p>“Our dedicated and talented researchers are deeply committed to the mission of this university—advancing knowledge and passing it on to the world and the next generation,” Provost Liz Magill said. “The Research Achievement Awards are a great way to recognize our researchers for making meaningful contributions in their disciplines, supporting their peers and mentees, and having a positive impact on our communities.”</p> <p>“If this past year has taught us anything, it’s that academic research is a fundamental part of a successful society, fueling discoveries in medicine, breakthroughs in engineering, and changing the way we think about and respond to the natural and social world,” President Jim Ryan said. “The research award winners truly exemplify the high-quality scholarship that makes UVA a leading research institution.”</p> <p>Ken Ono, Thomas Jefferson Professor of Mathematics, delivered the keynote address, and received a Distinguished Spotlight Award to recognize his contribution to the field of mathematics. He has won Sloan, Packard and Guggenheim fellowships, and in 2020 Academic Influence named him one of the top 20 most influential mathematicians of the past decade. </p> <h4><strong>Public Impact-Focused Research Award</strong></h4> <p><strong>Christine Mahoney, Frank Batten School of Leadership and Public Policy</strong></p> <p>Mahoney’s research focuses on how nongovernmental organizations and governments at the local, national and global levels attempt to fight for the rights of refugees fleeing their homelands because of ethnic and political violence. Her scholarship in global advocacy uses social entrepreneurship to support the rights of the displaced. Her work has led to the creation of the Refugee Investment Network, a non-profit impact investing collaborative which creates solutions to forced migration around the globe.</p> <p>Mahoney also does community public interest research in the local community. She collaborates with the New Hill Development Corporation to help end racial disparities by expanding and strengthening the African American middle class. The project uses a community engagement process, and has fostered partnerships in Charlottesville and around Virginia.</p> <p>“Christine has brought the research excellence of the University of Virginia to support an under-resourced segment of the Charlottesville population,” said Yolunda Harrell, the CEO of New Hill Development Corporation.</p> <p><a href="https://research.virginia.edu/research-videos"><strong>Watch</strong></a><strong> all of the award winners accept their awards.</strong></p> <p>Batten's John Holbein, assistant professor of public policy and education, and Jay Shimshack, associate professor of public policy and economics and associate dean for academic affairs, were also honored for their contributions in 2020 and invited to attend the event.</p></div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/radix/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> </div> <div class="col-sm-12 cta-wrapper"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--paragraph--field-single-cta--headline-paragraph-centered.html.twig * field--paragraph--field-single-cta.html.twig * field--paragraph--headline-paragraph-centered.html.twig * field--field-single-cta.html.twig * field--link.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/radix/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <div class="headline-paragraph-centered__field-single-cta"><a href="https://news.virginia.edu/content/uva-honors-distinguished-researchers-virtual-awards-event?utm_source=DailyReport&amp;utm_medium=email&amp;utm_campaign=news">Read Full Story in UVA Today</a></div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/radix/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> </div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/radix_batten/templates/paragraph/paragraph--headline-paragraph-centered.html.twig' --> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/radix_batten/templates/field/field--node--field-main-content.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-news-type--news.html.twig * field--node--field-news-type.html.twig * field--node--news.html.twig * field--field-news-type.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/radix/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <div class="news__type"><a href="/taxonomy/term/511" hreflang="en">Research and Commentary</a></div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/radix/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: x field--node--field-social-media-share--news.html.twig * field--node--field-social-media-share.html.twig * field--node--news.html.twig * field--field-social-media-share.html.twig * field--social-media.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/radix_batten/templates/field/field--node--field-social-media-share--news.html.twig' --> <div class="field 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